THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) IN TEACHERS’ INSTRUCTION PRACTICES

Abstract

The digital transformation of education has entered a decisive phase with the rapid emergence of generative Artificial Intelligence (AI). This study investigates the effectiveness of AI integration in teaching, focusing on teacher readiness, ethical awareness, and its impact on instructional quality. Using a descriptive quantitative survey design, data were collected from 40 teachers across diverse subject areas and levels of experience. Findings reveal that AI significantly enhances teaching and learning practices: 97.5% of respondents demonstrated understanding of AI fundamentals, 95% agreed that AI accelerates lesson preparation, and 92.5% reported improved creativity in instructional design. Moreover, 90% expressed confidence in guiding students to use AI responsibly. Tools such as ChatGPT and Canva AI emerged as primary enablers for lesson planning, visual materials, and student projects, while Microsoft Copilot and Gemini supported information retrieval. Despite these benefits, challenges remain, particularly limited school infrastructure and concerns about student misuse of AI for unethical practices. To synthesize these findings, the study proposes an AI Integration Framework for Schools, situating Teacher Readiness, Leadership Support, Robust Infrastructure, and Ethical Governance as interdependent dimensions of effective AI adoption. This framework aligns with Malaysia’s School Transformation Program 2025 (TS25) and the Digital Education Policy, underscoring that sustainable AI integration requires both grassroots teacher innovation and systemic leadership. Overall, the study demonstrates that AI, when ethically and strategically applied, empowers teachers to deliver more adaptive, inclusive, and future-ready learning experiences.